/*
 * jQuery Globalization plugin
 * http://github.com/nje/jquery-glob
 */
(function ($) {

    var localized = { en: {} };
    localized["default"] = localized.en;

    $.extend({
        findClosestCulture: function (name) {
            var match;
            if (!name) {
                match = $.culture || $.cultures["default"];
            }
            else if ($.isPlainObject(name)) {
                match = name;
            }
            else {
                var cultures = $.cultures,
                list = $.isArray(name) ? name : [name],
                i, l = list.length;
                for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
                    name = list[i];
                    match = cultures[name];
                    if (match) {
                        return match;
                    }
                }
                for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
                    name = list[i];
                    do {
                        var index = name.lastIndexOf("-");
                        if (index === -1) {
                            break;
                        }
                        // strip off the last part. e.g. en-US => en
                        name = name.substr(0, index);
                        match = cultures[name];
                        if (match) {
                            return match;
                        }
                    }
                    while (1);
                }
            }
            return match || null;
        },
        preferCulture: function (name) {
            $.culture = $.findClosestCulture(name) || $.cultures["default"];
        },
        localize: function (key, culture, value) {
            if (typeof culture === 'string') {
                culture = culture || "default";
                culture = $.cultures[culture] || { name: culture };
            }
            var local = localized[culture.name];
            if (arguments.length === 3) {
                if (!local) {
                    local = localized[culture.name] = {};
                }
                local[key] = value;
            }
            else {
                if (local) {
                    value = local[key];
                }
                if (typeof value === 'undefined') {
                    var language = localized[culture.language];
                    if (language) {
                        value = language[key];
                    }
                    if (typeof value === 'undefined') {
                        value = localized["default"][key];
                    }
                }
            }
            return typeof value === "undefined" ? null : value;
        },
        format: function (value, format, culture) {
            culture = $.findClosestCulture(culture);
            if (typeof value === "number") {
                value = formatNumber(value, format, culture);
            }
            else if (value instanceof Date) {
                value = formatDate(value, format, culture);
            }
            return value;
        },
        parseInt: function (value, radix, culture) {
            return Math.floor($.parseFloat(value, radix, culture));
        },
        parseFloat: function (value, radix, culture) {
            culture = $.findClosestCulture(culture);
            var ret = NaN,
            nf = culture.numberFormat;

            // trim leading and trailing whitespace
            value = trim(value);

            // allow infinity or hexidecimal
            if (regexInfinity.test(value)) {
                ret = parseFloat(value, radix);
            }
            else if (!radix && regexHex.test(value)) {
                ret = parseInt(value, 16);
            }
            else {
                var signInfo = parseNegativePattern(value, nf, nf.pattern[0]),
                sign = signInfo[0],
                num = signInfo[1];
                // determine sign and number
                if (sign === "" && nf.pattern[0] !== "-n") {
                    signInfo = parseNegativePattern(value, nf, "-n");
                    sign = signInfo[0];
                    num = signInfo[1];
                }
                sign = sign || "+";
                // determine exponent and number
                var exponent,
                intAndFraction,
                exponentPos = num.indexOf('e');
                if (exponentPos < 0) exponentPos = num.indexOf('E');
                if (exponentPos < 0) {
                    intAndFraction = num;
                    exponent = null;
                }
                else {
                    intAndFraction = num.substr(0, exponentPos);
                    exponent = num.substr(exponentPos + 1);
                }
                // determine decimal position
                var integer,
                fraction,
                decSep = nf['.'],
                decimalPos = intAndFraction.indexOf(decSep);
                if (decimalPos < 0) {
                    integer = intAndFraction;
                    fraction = null;
                }
                else {
                    integer = intAndFraction.substr(0, decimalPos);
                    fraction = intAndFraction.substr(decimalPos + decSep.length);
                }
                // handle groups (e.g. 1,000,000)
                var groupSep = nf[","];
                integer = integer.split(groupSep).join('');
                var altGroupSep = groupSep.replace(/\u00A0/g, " ");
                if (groupSep !== altGroupSep) {
                    integer = integer.split(altGroupSep).join('');
                }
                // build a natively parsable number string
                var p = sign + integer;
                if (fraction !== null) {
                    p += '.' + fraction;
                }
                if (exponent !== null) {
                    // exponent itself may have a number patternd
                    var expSignInfo = parseNegativePattern(exponent, nf, "-n");
                    p += 'e' + (expSignInfo[0] || "+") + expSignInfo[1];
                }
                if (regexParseFloat.test(p)) {
                    ret = parseFloat(p);
                }
            }
            return ret;
        },
        parseDate: function (value, formats, culture) {
            culture = $.findClosestCulture(culture);

            var date;
            if (formats) {
                if (typeof formats === "string") {
                    formats = [formats];
                }
                if (formats.length) {
                    for (var i = 0, l = formats.length; i < l; i++) {
                        var format = formats[i];
                        if (format) {
                            date = parseExact(value, format, culture);
                            if (date) {
                                break;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            else {
                $.each(culture.calendar.patterns, function (name, format) {
                    date = parseExact(value, format, culture);
                    if (date) {
                        return false;
                    }
                });
            }
            return date || null;
        }
    });

    // 1.    When defining a culture, all fields are required except the ones stated as optional.
    // 2.    You can use $.extend to copy an existing culture and provide only the differing values,
    //       a good practice since most cultures do not differ too much from the 'default' culture.
    //       DO use the 'default' culture if you do this, as it is the only one that definitely
    //       exists.
    // 3.    Other plugins may add to the culture information provided by extending it. However,
    //       that plugin may extend it prior to the culture being defined, or after. Therefore,
    //       do not overwrite values that already exist when defining the baseline for a culture,
    //       by extending your culture object with the existing one.
    // 4.    Each culture should have a ".calendars" object with at least one calendar named "standard"
    //       which serves as the default calendar in use by that culture.
    // 5.    Each culture should have a ".calendar" object which is the current calendar being used,
    //       it may be dynamically changed at any time to one of the calendars in ".calendars".

    // To define a culture, use the following pattern, which handles defining the culture based
    // on the 'default culture, extending it with the existing culture if it exists, and defining
    // it if it does not exist.
    // $.cultures.foo = $.extend(true, $.extend(true, {}, $.cultures['default'], fooCulture), $.cultures.foo)

    var cultures = $.cultures = $.cultures || {};
    var en = cultures["default"] = cultures.en = $.extend(true, {
        // A unique name for the culture in the form <language code>-<country/region code>
        name: "en",
        // the name of the culture in the english language
        englishName: "English",
        // the name of the culture in its own language
        nativeName: "English",
        // whether the culture uses right-to-left text
        isRTL: false,
        // 'language' is used for so-called "specific" cultures.
        // For example, the culture "es-CL" means "Spanish, in Chili".
        // It represents the Spanish-speaking culture as it is in Chili,
        // which might have different formatting rules or even translations
        // than Spanish in Spain. A "neutral" culture is one that is not
        // specific to a region. For example, the culture "es" is the generic
        // Spanish culture, which may be a more generalized version of the language
        // that may or may not be what a specific culture expects.
        // For a specific culture like "es-CL", the 'language' field refers to the
        // neutral, generic culture information for the language it is using.
        // This is not always a simple matter of the string before the dash.
        // For example, the "zh-Hans" culture is netural (Simplified Chinese).
        // And the 'zh-SG' culture is Simplified Chinese in Singapore, whose lanugage
        // field is "zh-CHS", not "zh".
        // This field should be used to navigate from a specific culture to it's
        // more general, neutral culture. If a culture is already as general as it 
        // can get, the language may refer to itself.
        language: "en",
        // numberFormat defines general number formatting rules, like the digits in
        // each grouping, the group separator, and how negative numbers are displayed.
        numberFormat: {
            // [negativePattern]
            // Note, numberFormat.pattern has no 'positivePattern' unlike percent and currency,
            // but is still defined as an array for consistency with them.
            //  negativePattern: one of "(n)|-n|- n|n-|n -"
            pattern: ["-n"],
            // number of decimal places normally shown
            decimals: 2,
            // string that separates number groups, as in 1,000,000
            ',': ",",
            // string that separates a number from the fractional portion, as in 1.99
            '.': ".",
            // array of numbers indicating the size of each number group.
            // TODO: more detailed description and example
            groupSizes: [3],
            // symbol used for positive numbers
            '+': "+",
            // symbol used for negative numbers
            '-': "-",
            percent: {
                // [negativePattern, positivePattern]
                //     negativePattern: one of "-n %|-n%|-%n|%-n|%n-|n-%|n%-|-% n|n %-|% n-|% -n|n- %"
                //     positivePattern: one of "n %|n%|%n|% n"
                pattern: ["-n %", "n %"],
                // number of decimal places normally shown
                decimals: 2,
                // array of numbers indicating the size of each number group.
                // TODO: more detailed description and example
                groupSizes: [3],
                // string that separates number groups, as in 1,000,000
                ',': ",",
                // string that separates a number from the fractional portion, as in 1.99
                '.': ".",
                // symbol used to represent a percentage
                symbol: "%"
            },
            currency: {
                // [negativePattern, positivePattern]
                //     negativePattern: one of "($n)|-$n|$-n|$n-|(n$)|-n$|n-$|n$-|-n $|-$ n|n $-|$ n-|$ -n|n- $|($ n)|(n $)"
                //     positivePattern: one of "$n|n$|$ n|n $"
                pattern: ["($n)", "$n"],
                // number of decimal places normally shown
                decimals: 2,
                // array of numbers indicating the size of each number group.
                // TODO: more detailed description and example
                groupSizes: [3],
                // string that separates number groups, as in 1,000,000
                ',': ",",
                // string that separates a number from the fractional portion, as in 1.99
                '.': ".",
                // symbol used to represent currency
                symbol: "$"
            }
        },
        // calendars defines all the possible calendars used by this culture.
        // There should be at least one defined with name 'standard', and is the default
        // calendar used by the culture.
        // A calendar contains information about how dates are formatted, information about
        // the calendar's eras, a standard set of the date formats,
        // translations for day and month names, and if the calendar is not based on the Gregorian
        // calendar, conversion functions to and from the Gregorian calendar.
        calendars: {
            standard: {
                // name that identifies the type of calendar this is
                name: "Gregorian_USEnglish",
                // separator of parts of a date (e.g. '/' in 11/05/1955)
                '/': "/",
                // separator of parts of a time (e.g. ':' in 05:44 PM)
                ':': ":",
                // the first day of the week (0 = Sunday, 1 = Monday, etc)
                firstDay: 0,
                days: {
                    // full day names
                    names: ["Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday"],
                    // abbreviated day names
                    namesAbbr: ["Sun", "Mon", "Tue", "Wed", "Thu", "Fri", "Sat"],
                    // shortest day names
                    namesShort: ["Su", "Mo", "Tu", "We", "Th", "Fr", "Sa"]
                },
                months: {
                    // full month names (13 months for lunar calendards -- 13th month should be "" if not lunar)
                    names: ["January", "February", "March", "April", "May", "June", "July", "August", "September", "October", "November", "December", ""],
                    // abbreviated month names
                    namesAbbr: ["Jan", "Feb", "Mar", "Apr", "May", "Jun", "Jul", "Aug", "Sep", "Oct", "Nov", "Dec", ""]
                },
                // AM and PM designators in one of these forms:
                // The usual view, and the upper and lower case versions
                //      [standard,lowercase,uppercase] 
                // The culture does not use AM or PM (likely all standard date formats use 24 hour time)
                //      null
                AM: ["AM", "am", "AM"],
                PM: ["PM", "pm", "PM"],
                eras: [
                // eras in reverse chronological order.
                // name: the name of the era in this culture (e.g. A.D., C.E.)
                // start: when the era starts in ticks (gregorian, gmt), null if it is the earliest supported era.
                // offset: offset in years from gregorian calendar
                {"name": "A.D.", "start": null, "offset": 0 }
            ],
                // when a two digit year is given, it will never be parsed as a four digit
                // year greater than this year (in the appropriate era for the culture)
                twoDigitYearMax: 2029,
                // set of predefined date and time patterns used by the culture
                // these represent the format someone in this culture would expect
                // to see given the portions of the date that are shown.
                patterns: {
                    // short date pattern
                    d: "M/d/yyyy",
                    // long date pattern
                    D: "dddd, MMMM dd, yyyy",
                    // short time pattern
                    t: "h:mm tt",
                    // long time pattern
                    T: "h:mm:ss tt",
                    // long date, short time pattern
                    f: "dddd, MMMM dd, yyyy h:mm tt",
                    // long date, long time pattern
                    F: "dddd, MMMM dd, yyyy h:mm:ss tt",
                    // month/day pattern
                    M: "MMMM dd",
                    // month/year pattern
                    Y: "yyyy MMMM",
                    // S is a sortable format that does not vary by culture
                    S: "yyyy\u0027-\u0027MM\u0027-\u0027dd\u0027T\u0027HH\u0027:\u0027mm\u0027:\u0027ss"
                }
                // optional fields for each calendar:
                /*
                monthsGenitive:
                Same as months but used when the day preceeds the month.
                Omit if the culture has no genitive distinction in month names.
                For an explaination of genitive months, see http://blogs.msdn.com/michkap/archive/2004/12/25/332259.aspx
                convert:
                Allows for the support of non-gregorian based calendars. This convert object is used to
                to convert a date to and from a gregorian calendar date to handle parsing and formatting.
                The two functions:
                fromGregorian(date)
                Given the date as a parameter, return an array with parts [year, month, day]
                corresponding to the non-gregorian based year, month, and day for the calendar.
                toGregorian(year, month, day)
                Given the non-gregorian year, month, and day, return a new Date() object 
                set to the corresponding date in the gregorian calendar.
                */
            }
        }
    }, cultures.en);
    en.calendar = en.calendar || en.calendars.standard;

    var regexTrim = /^\s+|\s+$/g,
    regexInfinity = /^[+-]?infinity$/i,
    regexHex = /^0x[a-f0-9]+$/i,
    regexParseFloat = /^[+-]?\d*\.?\d*(e[+-]?\d+)?$/;

    function startsWith(value, pattern) {
        return value.indexOf(pattern) === 0;
    }

    function endsWith(value, pattern) {
        return value.substr(value.length - pattern.length) === pattern;
    }

    function trim(value) {
        return (value + "").replace(regexTrim, "");
    }

    function zeroPad(str, count, left) {
        for (var l = str.length; l < count; l++) {
            str = (left ? ('0' + str) : (str + '0'));
        }
        return str;
    }

    // *************************************** Numbers ***************************************

    function expandNumber(number, precision, formatInfo) {
        var groupSizes = formatInfo.groupSizes,
        curSize = groupSizes[0],
        curGroupIndex = 1,
        factor = Math.pow(10, precision),
        rounded = Math.round(number * factor) / factor;
        if (!isFinite(rounded)) {
            rounded = number;
        }
        number = rounded;

        var numberString = number + "",
        right = "",
        split = numberString.split(/e/i),
        exponent = split.length > 1 ? parseInt(split[1], 10) : 0;
        numberString = split[0];
        split = numberString.split(".");
        numberString = split[0];
        right = split.length > 1 ? split[1] : "";

        var l;
        if (exponent > 0) {
            right = zeroPad(right, exponent, false);
            numberString += right.slice(0, exponent);
            right = right.substr(exponent);
        }
        else if (exponent < 0) {
            exponent = -exponent;
            numberString = zeroPad(numberString, exponent + 1);
            right = numberString.slice(-exponent, numberString.length) + right;
            numberString = numberString.slice(0, -exponent);
        }

        if (precision > 0) {
            right = formatInfo['.'] +
            ((right.length > precision) ? right.slice(0, precision) : zeroPad(right, precision));
        }
        else {
            right = "";
        }

        var stringIndex = numberString.length - 1,
        sep = formatInfo[","],
        ret = "";

        while (stringIndex >= 0) {
            if (curSize === 0 || curSize > stringIndex) {
                return numberString.slice(0, stringIndex + 1) + (ret.length ? (sep + ret + right) : right);
            }
            ret = numberString.slice(stringIndex - curSize + 1, stringIndex + 1) + (ret.length ? (sep + ret) : "");

            stringIndex -= curSize;

            if (curGroupIndex < groupSizes.length) {
                curSize = groupSizes[curGroupIndex];
                curGroupIndex++;
            }
        }
        return numberString.slice(0, stringIndex + 1) + sep + ret + right;
    }


    function parseNegativePattern(value, nf, negativePattern) {
        var neg = nf["-"],
        pos = nf["+"],
        ret;
        switch (negativePattern) {
            case "n -":
                neg = ' ' + neg;
                pos = ' ' + pos;
                // fall through
            case "n-":
                if (endsWith(value, neg)) {
                    ret = ['-', value.substr(0, value.length - neg.length)];
                }
                else if (endsWith(value, pos)) {
                    ret = ['+', value.substr(0, value.length - pos.length)];
                }
                break;
            case "- n":
                neg += ' ';
                pos += ' ';
                // fall through
            case "-n":
                if (startsWith(value, neg)) {
                    ret = ['-', value.substr(neg.length)];
                }
                else if (startsWith(value, pos)) {
                    ret = ['+', value.substr(pos.length)];
                }
                break;
            case "(n)":
                if (startsWith(value, '(') && endsWith(value, ')')) {
                    ret = ['-', value.substr(1, value.length - 2)];
                }
                break;
        }
        return ret || ['', value];
    }

    function formatNumber(value, format, culture) {
        if (!format || format === 'i') {
            return culture.name.length ? value.toLocaleString() : value.toString();
        }
        format = format || "D";

        var nf = culture.numberFormat,
        number = Math.abs(value),
        precision = -1,
        pattern;
        if (format.length > 1) precision = parseInt(format.slice(1), 10);

        var current = format.charAt(0).toUpperCase(),
        formatInfo;

        switch (current) {
            case "D":
                pattern = 'n';
                if (precision !== -1) {
                    number = zeroPad("" + number, precision, true);
                }
                if (value < 0) number = -number;
                break;
            case "N":
                formatInfo = nf;
                // fall through
            case "C":
                formatInfo = formatInfo || nf.currency;
                // fall through
            case "P":
                formatInfo = formatInfo || nf.percent;
                pattern = value < 0 ? formatInfo.pattern[0] : (formatInfo.pattern[1] || "n");
                if (precision === -1) precision = formatInfo.decimals;
                number = expandNumber(number * (current === "P" ? 100 : 1), precision, formatInfo);
                break;
            default:
                $.error("Bad number format specifier: " + current);
        }

        var patternParts = /n|\$|-|%/g,
        ret = "";
        for (; ; ) {
            var index = patternParts.lastIndex,
            ar = patternParts.exec(pattern);

            ret += pattern.slice(index, ar ? ar.index : pattern.length);

            if (!ar) {
                break;
            }

            switch (ar[0]) {
                case "n":
                    ret += number;
                    break;
                case "$":
                    ret += nf.currency.symbol;
                    break;
                case "-":
                    // don't make 0 negative
                    if (/[1-9]/.test(number)) {
                        ret += nf["-"];
                    }
                    break;
                case "%":
                    ret += nf.percent.symbol;
                    break;
            }
        }

        return ret;
    }

    // *************************************** Dates ***************************************

    function outOfRange(value, low, high) {
        return value < low || value > high;
    }

    function expandYear(cal, year) {
        // expands 2-digit year into 4 digits.
        var now = new Date(),
        era = getEra(now);
        if (year < 100) {
            var twoDigitYearMax = cal.twoDigitYearMax;
            twoDigitYearMax = typeof twoDigitYearMax === 'string' ? new Date().getFullYear() % 100 + parseInt(twoDigitYearMax, 10) : twoDigitYearMax;
            var curr = getEraYear(now, cal, era);
            year += curr - (curr % 100);
            if (year > twoDigitYearMax) {
                year -= 100;
            }
        }
        return year;
    }

    function getEra(date, eras) {
        if (!eras) return 0;
        var start, ticks = date.getTime();
        for (var i = 0, l = eras.length; i < l; i++) {
            start = eras[i].start;
            if (start === null || ticks >= start) {
                return i;
            }
        }
        return 0;
    }

    function toUpper(value) {
        // 'he-IL' has non-breaking space in weekday names.
        return value.split("\u00A0").join(' ').toUpperCase();
    }

    function toUpperArray(arr) {
        return $.map(arr, function (e) {
            return toUpper(e);
        });
    }

    function getEraYear(date, cal, era, sortable) {
        var year = date.getFullYear();
        if (!sortable && cal.eras) {
            // convert normal gregorian year to era-shifted gregorian
            // year by subtracting the era offset
            year -= cal.eras[era].offset;
        }
        return year;
    }

    function getDayIndex(cal, value, abbr) {
        var ret,
        days = cal.days,
        upperDays = cal._upperDays;
        if (!upperDays) {
            cal._upperDays = upperDays = [
            toUpperArray(days.names),
            toUpperArray(days.namesAbbr),
            toUpperArray(days.namesShort)
        ];
        }
        value = toUpper(value);
        if (abbr) {
            ret = $.inArray(value, upperDays[1]);
            if (ret === -1) {
                ret = $.inArray(value, upperDays[2]);
            }
        }
        else {
            ret = $.inArray(value, upperDays[0]);
        }
        return ret;
    }

    function getMonthIndex(cal, value, abbr) {
        var months = cal.months,
        monthsGen = cal.monthsGenitive || cal.months,
        upperMonths = cal._upperMonths,
        upperMonthsGen = cal._upperMonthsGen;
        if (!upperMonths) {
            cal._upperMonths = upperMonths = [
            toUpperArray(months.names),
            toUpperArray(months.namesAbbr),
        ];
            cal._upperMonthsGen = upperMonthsGen = [
            toUpperArray(monthsGen.names),
            toUpperArray(monthsGen.namesAbbr)
        ];
        }
        value = toUpper(value);
        var i = $.inArray(value, abbr ? upperMonths[1] : upperMonths[0]);
        if (i < 0) {
            i = $.inArray(value, abbr ? upperMonthsGen[1] : upperMonthsGen[0]);
        }
        return i;
    }

    function appendPreOrPostMatch(preMatch, strings) {
        // appends pre- and post- token match strings while removing escaped characters.
        // Returns a single quote count which is used to determine if the token occurs
        // in a string literal.
        var quoteCount = 0,
        escaped = false;
        for (var i = 0, il = preMatch.length; i < il; i++) {
            var c = preMatch.charAt(i);
            switch (c) {
                case '\'':
                    if (escaped) {
                        strings.push("'");
                    }
                    else {
                        quoteCount++;
                    }
                    escaped = false;
                    break;
                case '\\':
                    if (escaped) {
                        strings.push("\\");
                    }
                    escaped = !escaped;
                    break;
                default:
                    strings.push(c);
                    escaped = false;
                    break;
            }
        }
        return quoteCount;
    }

    function expandFormat(cal, format) {
        // expands unspecified or single character date formats into the full pattern.
        format = format || "F";
        var pattern,
        patterns = cal.patterns,
        len = format.length;
        if (len === 1) {
            pattern = patterns[format];
            if (!pattern) {
                $.error("Invalid date format string '" + format + "'.");
            }
            format = pattern;
        }
        else if (len === 2 && format.charAt(0) === "%") {
            // %X escape format -- intended as a custom format string that is only one character, not a built-in format.
            format = format.charAt(1);
        }
        return format;
    }

    function getParseRegExp(cal, format) {
        // converts a format string into a regular expression with groups that
        // can be used to extract date fields from a date string.
        // check for a cached parse regex.
        var re = cal._parseRegExp;
        if (!re) {
            cal._parseRegExp = re = {};
        }
        else {
            var reFormat = re[format];
            if (reFormat) {
                return reFormat;
            }
        }

        // expand single digit formats, then escape regular expression characters.
        var expFormat = expandFormat(cal, format).replace(/([\^\$\.\*\+\?\|\[\]\(\)\{\}])/g, "\\\\$1"),
        regexp = ["^"],
        groups = [],
        index = 0,
        quoteCount = 0,
        tokenRegExp = getTokenRegExp(),
        match;

        // iterate through each date token found.
        while ((match = tokenRegExp.exec(expFormat)) !== null) {
            var preMatch = expFormat.slice(index, match.index);
            index = tokenRegExp.lastIndex;

            // don't replace any matches that occur inside a string literal.
            quoteCount += appendPreOrPostMatch(preMatch, regexp);
            if (quoteCount % 2) {
                regexp.push(match[0]);
                continue;
            }

            // add a regex group for the token.
            var m = match[0],
            len = m.length,
            add;
            switch (m) {
                case 'dddd': case 'ddd':
                case 'MMMM': case 'MMM':
                case 'gg': case 'g':
                    add = "(\\D+)";
                    break;
                case 'tt': case 't':
                    add = "(\\D*)";
                    break;
                case 'yyyy':
                case 'fff':
                case 'ff':
                case 'f':
                    add = "(\\d{" + len + "})";
                    break;
                case 'dd': case 'd':
                case 'MM': case 'M':
                case 'yy': case 'y':
                case 'HH': case 'H':
                case 'hh': case 'h':
                case 'mm': case 'm':
                case 'ss': case 's':
                    add = "(\\d\\d?)";
                    break;
                case 'zzz':
                    add = "([+-]?\\d\\d?:\\d{2})";
                    break;
                case 'zz': case 'z':
                    add = "([+-]?\\d\\d?)";
                    break;
                case '/':
                    add = "(\\" + cal["/"] + ")";
                    break;
                default:
                    $.error("Invalid date format pattern '" + m + "'.");
                    break;
            }
            if (add) {
                regexp.push(add);
            }
            groups.push(match[0]);
        }
        appendPreOrPostMatch(expFormat.slice(index), regexp);
        regexp.push("$");

        // allow whitespace to differ when matching formats.
        var regexpStr = regexp.join('').replace(/\s+/g, "\\s+"),
        parseRegExp = { 'regExp': regexpStr, 'groups': groups };

        // cache the regex for this format.
        return re[format] = parseRegExp;
    }

    function getTokenRegExp() {
        // regular expression for matching date and time tokens in format strings.
        return /\/|dddd|ddd|dd|d|MMMM|MMM|MM|M|yyyy|yy|y|hh|h|HH|H|mm|m|ss|s|tt|t|fff|ff|f|zzz|zz|z|gg|g/g;
    }

    function parseExact(value, format, culture) {
        // try to parse the date string by matching against the format string
        // while using the specified culture for date field names.
        value = trim(value);
        var cal = culture.calendar,
        // convert date formats into regular expressions with groupings.
        // use the regexp to determine the input format and extract the date fields.
        parseInfo = getParseRegExp(cal, format),
        match = new RegExp(parseInfo.regExp).exec(value);
        if (match === null) {
            return null;
        }
        // found a date format that matches the input.
        var groups = parseInfo.groups,
        era = null, year = null, month = null, date = null, weekDay = null,
        hour = 0, hourOffset, min = 0, sec = 0, msec = 0, tzMinOffset = null,
        pmHour = false;
        // iterate the format groups to extract and set the date fields.
        for (var j = 0, jl = groups.length; j < jl; j++) {
            var matchGroup = match[j + 1];
            if (matchGroup) {
                var current = groups[j],
                clength = current.length,
                matchInt = parseInt(matchGroup, 10);
                switch (current) {
                    case 'dd': case 'd':
                        // Day of month.
                        date = matchInt;
                        // check that date is generally in valid range, also checking overflow below.
                        if (outOfRange(date, 1, 31)) return null;
                        break;
                    case 'MMM':
                    case 'MMMM':
                        month = getMonthIndex(cal, matchGroup, clength === 3);
                        if (outOfRange(month, 0, 11)) return null;
                        break;
                    case 'M': case 'MM':
                        // Month.
                        month = matchInt - 1;
                        if (outOfRange(month, 0, 11)) return null;
                        break;
                    case 'y': case 'yy':
                    case 'yyyy':
                        year = clength < 4 ? expandYear(cal, matchInt) : matchInt;
                        if (outOfRange(year, 0, 9999)) return null;
                        break;
                    case 'h': case 'hh':
                        // Hours (12-hour clock).
                        hour = matchInt;
                        if (hour === 12) hour = 0;
                        if (outOfRange(hour, 0, 11)) return null;
                        break;
                    case 'H': case 'HH':
                        // Hours (24-hour clock).
                        hour = matchInt;
                        if (outOfRange(hour, 0, 23)) return null;
                        break;
                    case 'm': case 'mm':
                        // Minutes.
                        min = matchInt;
                        if (outOfRange(min, 0, 59)) return null;
                        break;
                    case 's': case 'ss':
                        // Seconds.
                        sec = matchInt;
                        if (outOfRange(sec, 0, 59)) return null;
                        break;
                    case 'tt': case 't':
                        // AM/PM designator.
                        // see if it is standard, upper, or lower case PM. If not, ensure it is at least one of
                        // the AM tokens. If not, fail the parse for this format.
                        pmHour = cal.PM && (matchGroup === cal.PM[0] || matchGroup === cal.PM[1] || matchGroup === cal.PM[2]);
                        if (!pmHour && (!cal.AM || (matchGroup !== cal.AM[0] && matchGroup !== cal.AM[1] && matchGroup !== cal.AM[2]))) return null;
                        break;
                    case 'f':
                        // Deciseconds.
                    case 'ff':
                        // Centiseconds.
                    case 'fff':
                        // Milliseconds.
                        msec = matchInt * Math.pow(10, 3 - clength);
                        if (outOfRange(msec, 0, 999)) return null;
                        break;
                    case 'ddd':
                        // Day of week.
                    case 'dddd':
                        // Day of week.
                        weekDay = getDayIndex(cal, matchGroup, clength === 3);
                        if (outOfRange(weekDay, 0, 6)) return null;
                        break;
                    case 'zzz':
                        // Time zone offset in +/- hours:min.
                        var offsets = matchGroup.split(/:/);
                        if (offsets.length !== 2) return null;
                        hourOffset = parseInt(offsets[0], 10);
                        if (outOfRange(hourOffset, -12, 13)) return null;
                        var minOffset = parseInt(offsets[1], 10);
                        if (outOfRange(minOffset, 0, 59)) return null;
                        tzMinOffset = (hourOffset * 60) + (startsWith(matchGroup, '-') ? -minOffset : minOffset);
                        break;
                    case 'z': case 'zz':
                        // Time zone offset in +/- hours.
                        hourOffset = matchInt;
                        if (outOfRange(hourOffset, -12, 13)) return null;
                        tzMinOffset = hourOffset * 60;
                        break;
                    case 'g': case 'gg':
                        var eraName = matchGroup;
                        if (!eraName || !cal.eras) return null;
                        eraName = trim(eraName.toLowerCase());
                        for (var i = 0, l = cal.eras.length; i < l; i++) {
                            if (eraName === cal.eras[i].name.toLowerCase()) {
                                era = i;
                                break;
                            }
                        }
                        // could not find an era with that name
                        if (era === null) return null;
                        break;
                }
            }
        }
        var result = new Date(), defaultYear, convert = cal.convert;
        defaultYear = convert ? convert.fromGregorian(result)[0] : result.getFullYear();
        if (year === null) {
            year = defaultYear;
        }
        else if (cal.eras) {
            // year must be shifted to normal gregorian year
            // but not if year was not specified, its already normal gregorian
            // per the main if clause above.
            year += cal.eras[(era || 0)].offset;
        }
        // set default day and month to 1 and January, so if unspecified, these are the defaults
        // instead of the current day/month.
        if (month === null) {
            month = 0;
        }
        if (date === null) {
            date = 1;
        }
        // now have year, month, and date, but in the culture's calendar.
        // convert to gregorian if necessary
        if (convert) {
            result = convert.toGregorian(year, month, date);
            // conversion failed, must be an invalid match
            if (result === null) return null;
        }
        else {
            // have to set year, month and date together to avoid overflow based on current date.
            result.setFullYear(year, month, date);
            // check to see if date overflowed for specified month (only checked 1-31 above).
            if (result.getDate() !== date) return null;
            // invalid day of week.
            if (weekDay !== null && result.getDay() !== weekDay) {
                return null;
            }
        }
        // if pm designator token was found make sure the hours fit the 24-hour clock.
        if (pmHour && hour < 12) {
            hour += 12;
        }
        result.setHours(hour, min, sec, msec);
        if (tzMinOffset !== null) {
            // adjust timezone to utc before applying local offset.
            var adjustedMin = result.getMinutes() - (tzMinOffset + result.getTimezoneOffset());
            // Safari limits hours and minutes to the range of -127 to 127.  We need to use setHours
            // to ensure both these fields will not exceed this range.  adjustedMin will range
            // somewhere between -1440 and 1500, so we only need to split this into hours.
            result.setHours(result.getHours() + parseInt(adjustedMin / 60, 10), adjustedMin % 60);
        }
        return result;
    }

    function formatDate(value, format, culture) {
        var cal = culture.calendar,
        convert = cal.convert;
        if (!format || !format.length || format === 'i') {
            var ret;
            if (culture && culture.name.length) {
                if (convert) {
                    // non-gregorian calendar, so we cannot use built-in toLocaleString()
                    ret = formatDate(value, cal.patterns.F, culture);
                }
                else {
                    var eraDate = new Date(value.getTime()),
                    era = getEra(value, cal.eras);
                    eraDate.setFullYear(getEraYear(value, cal, era));
                    ret = eraDate.toLocaleString();
                }
            }
            else {
                ret = value.toString();
            }
            return ret;
        }

        var eras = cal.eras,
        sortable = format === "s";
        format = expandFormat(cal, format);

        // Start with an empty string
        ret = [];
        var hour,
        zeros = ['0', '00', '000'],
        foundDay,
        checkedDay,
        dayPartRegExp = /([^d]|^)(d|dd)([^d]|$)/g,
        quoteCount = 0,
        tokenRegExp = getTokenRegExp(),
        converted;

        function padZeros(num, c) {
            var r, s = num + '';
            if (c > 1 && s.length < c) {
                r = (zeros[c - 2] + s);
                return r.substr(r.length - c, c);
            }
            else {
                r = s;
            }
            return r;
        }

        function hasDay() {
            if (foundDay || checkedDay) {
                return foundDay;
            }
            foundDay = dayPartRegExp.test(format);
            checkedDay = true;
            return foundDay;
        }

        function getPart(date, part) {
            if (converted) {
                return converted[part];
            }
            switch (part) {
                case 0: return date.getFullYear();
                case 1: return date.getMonth();
                case 2: return date.getDate();
            }
        }

        if (!sortable && convert) {
            converted = convert.fromGregorian(value);
        }

        for (; ; ) {
            // Save the current index
            var index = tokenRegExp.lastIndex,
            // Look for the next pattern
            ar = tokenRegExp.exec(format);

            // Append the text before the pattern (or the end of the string if not found)
            var preMatch = format.slice(index, ar ? ar.index : format.length);
            quoteCount += appendPreOrPostMatch(preMatch, ret);

            if (!ar) {
                break;
            }

            // do not replace any matches that occur inside a string literal.
            if (quoteCount % 2) {
                ret.push(ar[0]);
                continue;
            }

            var current = ar[0],
            clength = current.length;

            switch (current) {
                case "ddd":
                    //Day of the week, as a three-letter abbreviation
                case "dddd":
                    // Day of the week, using the full name
                    names = (clength === 3) ? cal.days.namesAbbr : cal.days.names;
                    ret.push(names[value.getDay()]);
                    break;
                case "d":
                    // Day of month, without leading zero for single-digit days
                case "dd":
                    // Day of month, with leading zero for single-digit days
                    foundDay = true;
                    ret.push(padZeros(getPart(value, 2), clength));
                    break;
                case "MMM":
                    // Month, as a three-letter abbreviation
                case "MMMM":
                    // Month, using the full name
                    var part = getPart(value, 1);
                    ret.push((cal.monthsGenitive && hasDay())
                    ? cal.monthsGenitive[clength === 3 ? "namesAbbr" : "names"][part]
                    : cal.months[clength === 3 ? "namesAbbr" : "names"][part]);
                    break;
                case "M":
                    // Month, as digits, with no leading zero for single-digit months
                case "MM":
                    // Month, as digits, with leading zero for single-digit months
                    ret.push(padZeros(getPart(value, 1) + 1, clength));
                    break;
                case "y":
                    // Year, as two digits, but with no leading zero for years less than 10
                case "yy":
                    // Year, as two digits, with leading zero for years less than 10
                case "yyyy":
                    // Year represented by four full digits
                    part = converted ? converted[0] : getEraYear(value, cal, getEra(value, eras), sortable);
                    if (clength < 4) {
                        part = part % 100;
                    }
                    ret.push(padZeros(part, clength));
                    break;
                case "h":
                    // Hours with no leading zero for single-digit hours, using 12-hour clock
                case "hh":
                    // Hours with leading zero for single-digit hours, using 12-hour clock
                    hour = value.getHours() % 12;
                    if (hour === 0) hour = 12;
                    ret.push(padZeros(hour, clength));
                    break;
                case "H":
                    // Hours with no leading zero for single-digit hours, using 24-hour clock
                case "HH":
                    // Hours with leading zero for single-digit hours, using 24-hour clock
                    ret.push(padZeros(value.getHours(), clength));
                    break;
                case "m":
                    // Minutes with no leading zero  for single-digit minutes
                case "mm":
                    // Minutes with leading zero  for single-digit minutes
                    ret.push(padZeros(value.getMinutes(), clength));
                    break;
                case "s":
                    // Seconds with no leading zero for single-digit seconds
                case "ss":
                    // Seconds with leading zero for single-digit seconds
                    ret.push(padZeros(value.getSeconds(), clength));
                    break;
                case "t":
                    // One character am/pm indicator ("a" or "p")
                case "tt":
                    // Multicharacter am/pm indicator
                    part = value.getHours() < 12 ? (cal.AM ? cal.AM[0] : " ") : (cal.PM ? cal.PM[0] : " ");
                    ret.push(clength === 1 ? part.charAt(0) : part);
                    break;
                case "f":
                    // Deciseconds
                case "ff":
                    // Centiseconds
                case "fff":
                    // Milliseconds
                    ret.push(padZeros(value.getMilliseconds(), 3).substr(0, clength));
                    break;
                case "z":
                    // Time zone offset, no leading zero
                case "zz":
                    // Time zone offset with leading zero
                    hour = value.getTimezoneOffset() / 60;
                    ret.push((hour <= 0 ? '+' : '-') + padZeros(Math.floor(Math.abs(hour)), clength));
                    break;
                case "zzz":
                    // Time zone offset with leading zero
                    hour = value.getTimezoneOffset() / 60;
                    ret.push((hour <= 0 ? '+' : '-') + padZeros(Math.floor(Math.abs(hour)), 2) +
                    // Hard coded ":" separator, rather than using cal.TimeSeparator
                    // Repeated here for consistency, plus ":" was already assumed in date parsing.
                    ":" + padZeros(Math.abs(value.getTimezoneOffset() % 60), 2));
                    break;
                case "g":
                case "gg":
                    if (cal.eras) {
                        ret.push(cal.eras[getEra(value, eras)].name);
                    }
                    break;
                case "/":
                    ret.push(cal["/"]);
                    break;
                default:
                    $.error("Invalid date format pattern '" + current + "'.");
                    break;
            }
        }
        return ret.join('');
    }

})(jQuery);